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Explain hacking and its types.

Understanding Hacking & Its Types in Cybersecurity

What is Hacking?

  • Unauthorized access to computer systems, networks, or data.
  • Often involves exploiting vulnerabilities in software or hardware.
  • Can range from simple pranks to sophisticated attacks with malicious intent.
  • Motivations vary widely, from financial gain to political activism or personal vendetta.

Types of Hacking Based on Motive

  • **Black Hat Hacking:** Illegal and malicious activities. Data theft, system damage, sabotage.
  • **White Hat Hacking (Ethical Hacking):** Authorized penetration testing to identify vulnerabilities. Proactive security measures.
  • **Grey Hat Hacking:** A blend of black and white hat tactics. May not have permission but doesn't cause harm, reports findings.

Types of Hacking Based on Method

  • **Phishing:** Tricking users into revealing sensitive information.
  • **SQL Injection:** Exploiting vulnerabilities in database systems.
  • **Denial-of-Service (DoS):** Overwhelming a system with traffic to make it unavailable.
  • **Man-in-the-Middle (MITM):** Intercepting communication between two parties.
  • **Malware Attacks:** Utilizing viruses, worms, Trojans, ransomware, spyware.

Types of Hacking Based on Target

  • **Web Application Hacking:** Targeting vulnerabilities in web applications.
  • **Network Hacking:** Compromising network infrastructure and devices.
  • **Database Hacking:** Targeting databases for data breaches.
  • **Mobile Hacking:** Targeting vulnerabilities in mobile devices and applications.
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