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What is socket? Explain its importance at transport layer protocols.

Understanding Sockets: The Endpoint of Network Communication

What is a Socket?

  • A socket is an endpoint of a two-way communication link between two programs running on a network.
  • It's a software abstraction representing a network connection.
  • Think of it as a virtual "door" or "port" through which data flows.
  • Each socket is uniquely identified by an IP address and a port number.

Socket's Role in Transport Layer Protocols

  • Enables reliable and ordered data transfer (TCP).
  • Facilitates efficient, connectionless data transmission (UDP).
  • Manages connection establishment and termination.
  • Handles data segmentation and reassembly.
  • Provides flow control to prevent data loss or congestion.
  • Abstracts away the underlying network complexities from the application layer.
  • Allows multiple applications to concurrently use network resources.

Importance in Transport Layer Protocols

  • Provides a standardized interface for applications to interact with network protocols.
  • Enables independent development of applications and network protocols.
  • Simplifies the design and implementation of networking applications.
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