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Write short note on Domain Name System (DNS).

Decoding the Domain Name System (DNS): A Concise Guide

What is DNS?

  • Translates human-readable domain names (e.g., google.com) into machine-readable IP addresses.
  • Enables users to access websites using names instead of numerical IP addresses.
  • Forms a crucial part of the internet's infrastructure.

How DNS Works

  • User enters a domain name in a web browser.
  • The browser queries a recursive DNS resolver.
  • The resolver queries authoritative DNS servers for the domain.
  • The authoritative servers return the IP address.
  • The browser connects to the IP address.

Key DNS Components

  • **Root Nameservers:** Top-level servers forming the foundation of the DNS hierarchy.
  • **Top-Level Domain (TLD) Nameservers:** Servers for .com, .org, .net, etc.
  • **Authoritative Nameservers:** Servers holding the specific IP address for a domain.
  • **Recursive Resolvers:** Servers that handle DNS queries from users' computers.
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